What is the primary function of lymphocytes?

The primary function of lymphocytes is the production of antibodies, which is crucial in the immune response. Lymphocytes, particularly B cells, are responsible for recognizing specific antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign or harmful. Upon recognition, these B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies tailored to bind to those specific antigens.

This antibody response plays a major role in neutralizing pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells, or preventing them from entering cells. Additionally, lymphocytes include T cells, which are involved in cell-mediated immunity, helping to orchestrate the immune response and directly attacking infected or cancerous cells.

The other choices represent functions more associated with different types of white blood cells. For example, phagocytosis of pathogens is primarily the role of phagocytes like neutrophils and macrophages. The release of histamine is an action taken by mast cells and basophils during inflammatory responses and allergic reactions. Thus, while they all contribute to immune system function, only the production of antibodies directly pertains to lymphocytes.